Meningitis is an infection of the meninges, the membranes that line the brain and spinal column. There are two forms of this illness: viral (aseptic) and bacterial.

Viral meningitis:

Viral, or aseptic, is more common but bacterial meningitis is more deadly and can be fatal. The incubation period is 3-7 days. People normally feel ill for seven to ten days, but some experience symptoms for three to four months.

Symptoms:

The symptoms normally felt by an individual are: fever, nausea and vomiting, stiff neck irritability, headache, and sensitivity to light. As these symptoms are similar to flu and cold symptoms, it is important to see a physician for the correct diagnosis.

Diagnosis:

A diagnosis is made after examining fluid taken from the spinal column during a lumbar puncture, or spinal tap. This fluid is examined for white blood cells, or leukocytes. If these are elevated, it is known that the body’s defenses are working to fight off an illness. Blood tests are also performed.

Treatment:

There is no treatment available for viral meningitis as it is caused by a virus and antibiotics are ineffective. Physicians recommend rest, relaxation, fluids and medicine to reduce fever.

Prevention:

There is no vaccine against viral meningitis. Physicians recommend hand washing thoroughly and frequently.