Breast cancer is one of the most feared illnesses among women. This fear is valid considering that breast cancer ranks second in deaths caused by cancer. Fortunately within the last 30 years, many women, physicians, and organizations have increased breast cancer awareness. They provide an abundance of information in the form of pamphlets and radio spots. The purpose of information is to encourage women to regularly examine their breast for abnormalities. Self-examinations should be done monthly. In addition, women over the age of 30 should make a habit of having yearly mammograms, which are designed to detect cancerous cells in the breast.

What is Breast Cancer?

Within the United States, breast cancer is the most common cancer in women. It is estimated that over 100,000 women are diagnosed annually with breast cancer. This number does not include the millions of women who are diagnosed during previous years. Although breast cancer is primarily a woman's disease, men may also develop the illness. Male breast cancer is rare; however there are nearly 1,000 new cases each year. Breast cancer occurs when abnormal cells begin to develop in the breast. Ordinarily, our bodies contain healthy cells which are intended to protect us from infections, viruses, and so forth. Occasionally, healthy cells divide to form new healthy cell. In rare instances, the cells divide unnecessarily. An overgrowth of healthy cells and abnormal cells will result in a tumor, or lump on the breast. When a lump is caused by an overgrowth of cells, the tumor is benign (non-cancerous). However, when a lump is the result of the development of abnormal cells, the tumor is malignant (cancerous).

Benign tumors are non-life threatening and will not pose a health threat. In most cases, physicians recommend removing the tumor. Rarely does a benign tumor return. Still, the patient will likely undergo close monitoring to ensure that additional tumors do not develop.

Malignant tumors are life-threatening, and require immediate treatment. Cancerous tumors that are left untreated may spread to the surround tissues and organs. Cancer cells that spread to the lymph nodes and bloodstream are allowed to travel throughout the body. The more widespread the cancer, the more difficult it is to cure. Breast cancer may spread to any part of the body including the liver, lungs, bones, and brain. Malignant tumors may progress rapidly, thus regular exams are vital.