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Body Art: The History and Customs Behind Tattoos 
 
by Diana Bocco August 09, 2005

Permanent Cosmetics

Tattoos used to mimic cosmetics are applied to eyebrows, lips or eyes. The procedure can only be performed by a licensed aesthetician.

Mehndi (Henna Tattoos)

Used primarily in India to decorate the hands and feet of brides, but also popular in other Middle Eastern and Asian countries, Mehndi consists of a combination of powdered henna, coffee, lemon juice, and sugar worked into a paste. Henna designs last up to weeks, fading slowly until they disappear.

Risks

With the laws now in place regarding sterilization, transmission of blood-related diseases is unlikely. Disposable needles are customary, and most tattoo parlors sterilize any reusable parts between clients. Infections are also rare, especially if after-care is followed properly.

Although uncommon, allergy reactions are possible, especially to red and green inks. Sensibility to certain metals can also produce an allergic reaction, causing the skin to swell or itch. There's also a minor risk of anaphylactic shock in people with severe allergies.

Tattoo Removal

There are several methods of tattoo removal.

Excision: Especially useful in small tattoos, excision is the surgical removal with a scalpel of the area of skin where the tattoo is. The edges of the skin are then sutured together.

Dermabrasion: The skin is "sanded" off, peeling the tattoo together with it.

Medical Laser: The most used method nowadays, it involves pulses of light applied to the tattoo. The laser breaks up the ink particles, which are then absorbed by your body. Several weekly treatments are usually required. Because some inks are especially hard to remove, there may be some discoloration left on the area even after numerous sessions.

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