Once a group is established, manuscripts are distributed and members are expected to critique one another’s work. This can be a nerve-wracking time, especially for new writers who may be hesitant to share their opinions. Here are a few tips on how to give helpful and useful feedback:
Focus on the work, not the author. Make sure your comments are directed at the manuscript, not at the authors themselves. Don’t try to second-guess the author’s intentions or figure out “what they were trying to do.” Simply present your reactions to the piece itself as if the author was unknown.
Be honest, but be polite. Holding back your honest opinions for fear of causing offense does not help the other writer. Problems with the work need to be brought to the author’s attention, but phrase your remarks objectively and politely. Overly harsh or ad hominem attacks may discourage or anger the other writer. Remember, your work will soon be critiqued as well!
Be specific whenever possible. Vague, wandering comments help no one. When you read another’s work, take notes about plot, structure, characterization, tone, pacing, dialogue, description, and other details. Relaying your overall impression of the piece may be useful, but follow it up with specific points of praise or analysis.
Balance your critique. Rare is the piece that has no redeeming qualities or has no room for improvement. Even a piece with major flaws may have a noteworthy turn of phrase or an engaging characterization. Balance negative comments with positive ones, and always try to end on an upbeat note.
Recognize your own prejudices. None of us are completely objective. If a piece touches on an issue that is sensitive or volatile to you, let the author know. Your opinion on the issue is still important, but recognize that it will likely color your critique.
State it, don’t ask it. Authors don’t get the luxury of explaining the piece to everyone who reads it. In your critique, state your opinion rather than asking the author questions about the work. If the piece provoked a question in your mind (e.g., “Why did Jack throw the car keys into the ditch?”), turn it into a statement (“It wasn’t clear to me why Jack threw the keys into the ditch.”).