Basal Cell Carcinoma is the most common form of skin cancer accounting for
90%. It almost never metastasizes. Light colored skin and exposure to the sun
are risk factors associated with basal cell cancer. Basal cell is more common
in Texas than in Wisconsin
due to sun exposure. It usually appears on face, scalp, chest, back, and arms.
The slow growing cancer begins as a small raised “pearly” bump that is
translucent. The diagnosis is made through a biopsy where a small amount of
cells is removed and examined under a microscope. Surgical removal is the
standard treatment. Prevention relies upon protecting yourself from sun
exposure by wearing a sun screen of at least 30, wearing wide brimmed hats, and
getting regular checkups.
Squamous Cell Carcinoma, affecting the surface tissue of the skin, is
another type of skin cancer, but it does metastasize unlike basal cell. The
number one cause is sun exposure. It is described as a firm red colored nodule.
The diagnosis is made by a biopsy. Again, surgical treatment is the favored
method.
Melanoma is a deadly skin cancer beginning in the melanocytes which when
clustered form moles. Most people have 10-40 moles and these may be flat or
raised with brown or tan coloring. Cancer is when cells become abnormal and
multiply. You should check regularly for changes in moles. The ABCD system is
recommended:
Asymmetry is when the shape
of one half does not match the other.
Border is ragged and
irregular.
Color is uneven with shades
of brown, tan and black.
Diameter changes in size.
The mole additionally may
feel hard, lumpy, and scaly and itch or bleed but does not cause pain.
Early detection is the key to survival as melanoma will spread inward.
Regular check-ups are necessary. Biopsy aids in the diagnosis. Surgical removal
may be accompanied by chemotherapy or radiation.
Skin Care:
Your skin needs regular attention to keep it healthy. By taking good care of
your skin, cleaning, moisturizing, use of sunscreen, and shaving, you can help
prevent skin related problems.